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20/02/2006 | PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES - Not If, But When: Adapting to Natural Hazards in the Pacific Islands Region

De Nuestra Redacción

Pacific Island countries rank among the most vulnerable in the world to natural disasters.

 

Since 1950, natural disasters have directly affected more than 3.4 million people and led to more than 1,700 reported deaths in the region (outside of Papua New Guinea). In the 1990s alone, reported natural disasters cost the Pacific Islands region US$2.8 billion in real 2004 value.

Between 1950 and 2004, extreme natural disasters, such as cyclones, droughts and tsunamis, accounted for 65 percent of the total economic impact from disasters on the region’s economies. Ten of the 15 most extreme events reported over the past half a century occurred in the last 15 years.

There has been a substantial increase in the number of reported natural disasters in the region since the 1950s, with a growing human impact per event. While this may be due to improved reporting, higher populations and increasing environmental degradation, there is no doubt that disasters in the region are becoming more intense and probably more frequent. Certainly, the number of hurricane-strength cyclones has increased in the southwest Pacific in the past 50 years, with an average of four events now occurring each year. Significant wave heights of recent cyclones have exceeded even climate change model projections.

With the climate trend for the Pacific pointing to more extreme conditions and increased climate variability in future, Pacific Island countries have little choice but to develop comprehensive risk management plans for the natural hazards they face

As the required policy and technical responses are not particularly complex, the economic, social and environmental benefits of managing these risks far outweigh their costs. What seems to have been lacking is the political will to mainstream risk management into national development planning and to ensure that policy and program responses to the challenges are sustained, relevant and effective.

In order to address these concerns, this Policy Note advocates practical measures that countries can take to influence their national development policies and strengthen their programs. Importantly, it addresses factors which may constrain or limit collaborative action between communities, island leaders, experts and development partners. It suggests new institutional approaches, incentives, and instruments to promote risk management of natural hazards, including climate proofing capital investments.

The goal of this Policy Note is to influence policy makers and development partners in the Pacific Islands region to undertake risk management of natural hazards and minimize the future impacts of natural disasters, climate change and sea level rise.

In the short run, the Policy Note aims to review the disaster trends and lessons learned from pilot risk management of natural hazards initiatives, and recommend a strategic way forward. Particular attention is paid to the three ‘I’s’ of risk management of natural hazards: Incentives, Institutions and Instruments. The Policy Note targets high-level decision makers in the Pacific Islands region, regional organizations and major development partners.

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27/01/2005|
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27/12/2004|
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25/12/2004|
25/12/2004|
19/12/2004|
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29/11/2004|
28/11/2004|
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28/11/2004|
19/11/2004|
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18/11/2004|
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12/10/2004|
10/10/2004|
10/10/2004|
03/10/2004|
24/08/2004|
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14/08/2004|
14/08/2004|
26/04/2004|
26/04/2004|
11/04/2004|
11/04/2004|
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10/12/2003|
10/12/2003|
05/11/2003|
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10/10/2003|
06/10/2003|
01/08/2003|
01/08/2003|
28/07/2003|
28/07/2003|
28/07/2003|
28/07/2003|
23/07/2003|
09/07/2003|
24/06/2003|
24/06/2003|
18/06/2003|
18/06/2003|
03/06/2003|
01/06/2003|
17/03/2003|
17/03/2003|
22/02/2003|
22/02/2003|
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23/01/2003|
15/01/2003|
01/01/2003|
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01/01/2003|
01/01/2003|
01/08/2002|
01/08/2002|
01/08/2002|
01/08/2002|
19/07/2002|
19/07/2002|

ver + notas
 
Center for the Study of the Presidency
Freedom House