Several countries are behind organized efforts to influence electoral politics in the United States, with Russia being one among a growing list of culprits, according to experts.
Speaking
to The Washington Post last week, cybersecurity experts issued what they
described as “a wake-up call” to voters and warned that America’s information
space is becoming “a free-for-all for foreign intelligence”. Foreign spy
services that are utilizing information operations in order to influence US
elections reportedly include —aside from Russia— Israel, Saudi Arabia, the
United Arab Emirates, Venezuela and China.
The
majority of foreign information operations take place on social-media platforms
such as YouTube, Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. But there are also campaigns
to influence more traditional American media, for instance by tricking
newspapers into publishing letters to the editor that are in fact authored by
foreign intelligence operatives. Analysts from FireEye, Graphika and other
cybersecurity and network-analysis firms told The Post that some information
operations are difficult to detect, because the presence of a state security
service is not always apparent. However, the messages that are communicated in
tweets, Facebook postings, online videos, etc., tend to echo —often word for
word— the rhetoric of foreign governments, and promote their geopolitical
objectives. As can be expected, these objectives vary. Thus, Russian, Israeli
and Saudi information operations tend to express strong political support for
US President Donald Trump, arguably because these governments see his potential
re-election as a development that would further their national interest. In
contrast, Iranian information operations tend to lambast Trump for his negative
stance on the Iranian nuclear deal and for his support for Saudi Arabia’s
intervention in the Yemeni Civil War.
The
Washington Post article notes that all major social-media companies employ
teams of screeners whose mission is to detect and eliminate disinformation
campaigns by both state and non-state actors. However, experts remain skeptical
about their ability to combat the phenomenon, given that the quantity and
sophistication of disinformation campaigns is constantly increasing. Many
countries —including Israel and the United States— now maintain advanced
information operations targeting national elections on several continents.
There are also many governments —such as Qatar, the Philippines and Turkey—
that use these techniques on their own voters and could potentially use them in
the near future to target foreign populations, including Americans. The 2020
presidential election in the US is expected to be the most hotly contested in
many decades, so it is certain that numerous foreign spy agencies will try to
influence it in numerous ways, says The Post.
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