A flurry of data released today shows that there was a marked acceleration in Chinese economic growth during August after almost flat growth the previous month.
IHS Global Insight
Perspective
|
Significance: |
Most key economic indicators for August point to a
consolidation of the gains made over the past couple of months, driven by an
expansion of government-led domestic demand. |
Implications: |
Sharp rebounds in steel and automotive output, combined
with a revival in the real estate sector, have underpinned the recent growth
spurt. |
Outlook: |
Uncertainties still abound, though, as in many sectors
business sentiment looks to have improved much faster than real demand, posing a
risk of a second dip in the economy as oversupply triggers another inventory
correction. |
Industrial Growth Hits New High, Bolstered by Steel and
Automotive Output
Data released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) show that growth in
industrial added value accelerated to 12.3% in year-on-year (y/y) terms in
August from 10.8% y/y in July, marking a new record growth rate since October
last year, when the Chinese economy was thrown into a tailspin by the global
financial crisis. In cumulative terms, the Chinese industrial economy expanded
8.1% y/y during the first eight months of this year, an acceleration of 0.6
percentage point from growth in the first seven months and a deceleration of 7.6
percentage points from the corresponding period last year.
The heavy industrial sector was the main driver of growth, expanding 13.2%
y/y in August (compared with 11.3% y/y in July), with sharp upswings in steel
and automotive output. In August, output volume of crude steel soared 22% y/y,
accelerating from a 12.6% y/y rise in July and representing the steepest y/y
growth rate since November 2006. Automotive output, measured in units, also
staged an extraordinary 90% y/y surge in August, compared with a 51.6% y/y rise
in July. This automotive output growth was also the fastest ever since the
series began in 1999.
Deflation Nears Turning Point
Both the consumer price index (CPI) and producer price index (PPI) reached
turning points in August, as the decline in the CPI moderated to 1.2% y/y from a
drop of 1.8% y/y in July and the decline in the PPI eased to 7.9% y/y from
8..22% y/y in July. This was the first time that the PPI decline narrowed since
the index turned negative in December 2008, while the CPI decline was also the
smallest since the index turned negative in February this year. In cumulative
terms, the PPI dropped 6.4% y/y in the first eight months of the year and the
CPI decreased 1.2% y/y. The significant easing of deflationary pressure is shown
more clearly by the month-on-month (m/m) data for the CPI, which rose 0.5% m/m
in August, lifted by a 1.3% m/m increase in food prices and marking the first
m/m increase in the CPI since January. In the meantime, the PPI also edged up by
0.8% m/m, the fifth consecutive m/m rise.
Investment Growth Firms, Exports Still Act as
Drag
Urban fixed-asset investment (FAI) in China rose 33.0% y/y in the first eight
months of the year, roughly the same as in the first seven months and a
5.6-percentage-point acceleration from the corresponding period last year.
Although government-backed stimulus investment remained the most important
factor underpinning FAI growth, the revival of the domestic housing market also
lent momentum. During the first eight months, real estate investment growth
accelerated to 14.7% y/y, from 11.6% y/y in the first seven months, while
investment in railways—the major thrust of the fiscal stimuli—expanded 103.5%
y/y, slowing from the 126.9% y/y rise in the first seven months.
Retail sales, a close proxy of private consumer spending, continued to expand
at a rather impressive pace, by 15.4% y/y in August, accelerating from a 15.2%
y/y rise in July, bolstered by a 34.8% y/y increase in auto sales and a 10.9%
y/y increase in home appliance sales. Growth of both automotive and home
appliance sales continued to accelerate during the month, boosted by government
subsidies for auto and appliance trade-ins. Nevertheless, the external sector
remained the weakest link of the economy, as exports fell 23.4% y/y and imports
contracted 17% y/y in August, according to data released today by the national
customs authorities. The cumulative fall in exports during the first eight
months of the year came in at 22.2% y/y, the steepest decline in the past
decade.
Liquidity Still Ample
Data released by the People's Bank of China (PBoC) today indicate that M2,
the broad money supply, soared 28.52% in y/y terms as of the end of August,
returning to the level in June and nearly double the growth rate prior to the
shift to a moderately easy monetary policy towards the end of last year. New
renminbi (RMB) lending by domestic financial institutions came in at 410.4
billion yuan (US$60.4 billion) in August, which although smaller than the
monthly average of 1.23 trillion yuan in the first half of the year beat
expectations of an even lower lending growth rate following a sudden atrophying
of bank lending to only 355.9 billion yuan in July. Total RMB lending during the
first eight months hit 8.15 trillion yuan, 5.04 trillion yuan more than in the
same period of last year. The sudden contraction of new bank lending over the
past two months has come as the Chinese central bank starts considering
"dynamically fine-tuning" monetary policy and after the banking regulator
recently tightened capital requirement for commercial banks.
Outlook and Implications
The latest data show that the Chinese economy has continued to build on the
momentum gathered in the second quarter, when a growth spurt was fuelled by a
massive liquidity injection and a rapid expansion of capital spending. Most
notable over the past two months since the release of the first-half GDP results
is that momentum has started gathering in the real estate sector, with an
upsurge in housing sales, as well as in the steel sector, which has seen
record-high monthly output for two straight months. These sectors, combined with
a strong auto sector and massive public spending, have laid the foundations for
a rally in the Chinese economy, led by domestic demand.
Nevertheless, uncertainties still abound over the Chinese economic
recovery and the major pillars of growth such as the steel, real estate, and
automotive sectors. The recovery of the steel industry is particularly fragile
as business sentiment looks to have rebounded faster than real demand, again
generating an oversupply. After two months of record steel output, domestic
steel prices have already started declining again. Furthermore, steel trade
restrictions have recently been imposed by major trading partners such as the
United States, aggravating domestic oversupply and forcing the Chinese industry
regulator to order a deceleration of steel capacity expansion. Although the
automotive sector has remained a major bright spot in the economic recovery,
output growth has already far exceeded sales growth. This, combined with an
expected end to the auto purchase tax incentives by the end of this year, is
causing concern about a possible future inventory correction. Real estate
business sentiment has improved markedly over the past couple of months, but
investment growth is still only about half the level in the same period last
year. On the positive side, however, external demand is generally expected to
improve in the final quarter, which may help offset some of the downside risks
on the domestic front.
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23/09/2006| |
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23/09/2006| |
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06/09/2006| |
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04/09/2006| |
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02/09/2006| |
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02/09/2006| |
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01/09/2006| |
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30/08/2006| |
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02/08/2006| |
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02/08/2006| |
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30/07/2006| |
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30/07/2006| |
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27/07/2006| |
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27/07/2006| |
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21/07/2006| |
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20/07/2006| |
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20/07/2006| |
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18/07/2006| |
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16/07/2006| |
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13/07/2006| |
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12/07/2006| |
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12/07/2006| |
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07/07/2006| |
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07/07/2006| |
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06/07/2006| |
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29/06/2006| |
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29/06/2006| |
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29/06/2006| |
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29/06/2006| |
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28/06/2006| |
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26/06/2006| |
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26/06/2006| |
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21/06/2006| |
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21/06/2006| |
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20/06/2006| |
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20/06/2006| |
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04/06/2006| |
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09/05/2006| |
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03/05/2006| |
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03/05/2006| |
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03/05/2006| |
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03/05/2006| |
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18/02/2006| |
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04/02/2006| |
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04/02/2006| |
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29/01/2006| |
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23/09/2005| |
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